No. 54 (2023): Political communication and armed conflicts: perspectives, debates and approaches
Secciones monográficas

Determinants of users’ engagement with official military Instagram accounts

Guillermo López-Rodríguez
Universidad de Granada

Keywords

  • Redes sociales,
  • militares,
  • Instagram,
  • participación,
  • ejércitos
  • Social Media,
  • Military,
  • Engagement,
  • Instagram,
  • Armies

How to Cite

López-Rodríguez, G. (2023). Determinants of users’ engagement with official military Instagram accounts. Más Poder Local, (54), 58-74. https://doi.org/10.56151/maspoderlocal.180

Abstract

Modern militaries seek to increase their audience using metrics such as engagement to capture the success and popularity of their posts. This article follows on from previous research about the content of Instagram accounts, studying the main determinants of users’ engagement with official military accounts on Instagram. For this purpose, a sample has been sourced from the French, Israeli, Spanish, Australian and United States armies in 2021 (n=1922). The results provide evidence of a statistical correlation between engagement and the structure and themes of the posts, with posts related to consequences of military praxis, such as casualties or participation in conflicts, generating high levels of engagement. In contrast, users are least engaged with informative posts about non-military activities. The conclusions drawn point to some policy recommendations on how to improve public communication on Instagram and future research lines about the military’s public diplomacy.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Aramendia-Muneta, M. E.; Olarte-Pascual, C. & Ollo-López, A. (2020): «Key image attributes to elicit likes and comments on Instagram». Journal of Promotion Management, 27(1): 50-76. DOI: 10.1080/10496491.2020.1809594
  2. Carah N. & Shaul, M. (2016): «Brands and Instagram: Point, tap, swipe, glance». Mobile Media & Communication, 4(1), 69-84. DOI: 10.1177/2050157915598180
  3. Chan, T. T. W.; Lam A. H. C. L. & Chiu D. K. W. (2020): «From Facebook to Instagram: Exploring user engagement in an academic library». The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 46: 1-18. DOI: 10.1016/j.acalib.2020.102229
  4. Christensen, C. (2008): «Uploading dissonance: YouTube and the US occupation of Iraq». Media, War & Conflict, 1: 155-175. DOI: 10.1177/1750635208090955
  5. Chua, A. Y. K. & Banerjee, S. (2015): «How businesses draw attention on Facebook through incentives, vividness, and interactivity». International Journal of Computer Science, 42(3): 275-281.
  6. Coombs, W. T. (2015): Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing and Responding. SAGE.
  7. Cunningham, M. A. (2015): Social media strategies for the United States Armed Forces: An Israeli case study. Marine Corps University.
  8. Dandeker, C. (2009): «Recruiting the All–volunteer Force: Continuity and Change in the British Army, 1963-2008». In S. Cohen (Ed): The New Citizen Armies: Israel’s Armed Forces in Comparative Perspective. Routledge, pp. 32-47.
  9. Day, D. (1998): Australian Identities. Australian Scholarly Publishing.
  10. De Vries, L.; Gensler, S. & Leeflang, P. S. H. (2012): «Popularity of brand posts on brand fan pages: An investigation of the effects of social media marketing». Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26(2): 83-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.intmar.2012.01.003
  11. Deverell, E.; Olsson, E. K.; Wagnsson, C.; Hellman, M. & Johnsson, M. (2015): «Understanding public agency communication: the case of Swedish Armed Forces». Journal of Public Affairs, 15(4): 387-396. DOI: 10.1002/pa.1552
  12. Donoghue, J. & Tranter, B. (2015): «The Anzacs: Military influences on Australian identity». Journal of Sociology, 51(3): 449-463. DOI: 10.1177/1440783312473669
  13. Edmunds, T. (2012): «British Civil–military Relations and the Problem of Risk». International Affairs, 88(2): 265-82.
  14. Falkheimer, J. & Heide, M. (2014): «From Public Relations to Strategic Communication in Sweden: The Emergence of a Transboundary Field of Knowledge». Nordicom Reviews, 35(2): 123-138. DOI: 10.2478/nor-2014-0019
  15. Forster, A. (2006): Armed Forces and Society in Europe. Palgrave.
  16. Golan, O. & Ben-Ari, E. (2018): «Armed forces, cyberspace, and global images: The official website of the Israeli Defense Forces 2007–2015». Armed Forces & Society, 44(2): 280-300. DOI: 10.1177/0095327X16670694
  17. Kim, J. K. & Hull, K. (2017): «How fans are engaging with baseball teams demonstrating multiple objectives on Instagram». Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, 7(2): 216-232.
  18. Kohn, A. (2017): «Instagram as a naturalized propaganda tool: The Israel Defense Forces Web site and the phenomenon of shared values». Convergence: The international journal of research into New Media Technologies, 23(2): 197-213. DOI: 10.1177/1354856515592505
  19. Leightley, D.; Sharp, M. L.; Williamson, V.; Fear, N.T. & Gribble R. (2020): «Sentiment of Armed Forces Social Media Accounts in the United Kingdom: An initial analysis of Twitter content». In E. Moehlecke de Baseggio et al. (eds): Social Media and the Armed Forces. Springer, pp. 145-166.
  20. Lin, H. C.; Swarna, H. & Bruning, P.F. (2017): «Taking a global viewon brand post popularity: Six socialmedia brand post practices for globalmarkets». Business Horizons, 60(5): 621–633. DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2017.05.006
  21. Mariani, M. M.; Di Felice, M. & Mura, M. (2016): «Facebook as a destination marketing tool: Evidence from Italian regional destination management organizations». Tourism Management, 54: 321-343. DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2015.12.008
  22. Mayfield, T. D. (2011): «A Commander’s strategy for social media». Joint Forces Quarterly, 60(1): 79-83.
  23. Mirrles, T. (2015): «The Canadian Armed Forces ‘YouTube War’: A Cross-border military social media complex». Global Media Journal-Canadian Edition, 8(1): 71-93.
  24. Moreno-Mercado, J. M. & Calatrava-García, A. (2022): « Multilingual public diplomacy: strategic communication of Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) in Twitter during Operation Guardian of the Walls». Media, War & Conflict:1-18. DOI: 10.1177/17506352221082608
  25. Mousse (2020): «El engagement en Instagram: qué es, cómo medirlo y cómo beneficiarte». Available at: https://mousee.com/blog/el-engagement-en-instagram-que-es-como-medirlo-y-como-beneficiarte/
  26. Raitasalo, J. (2014):Moving beyond the «Western Expeditionary Frenzy. Comparative Strategy, 33(4), 372-388. DOI: 10.1080/01495933.2014.941728
  27. Sabate, F.; Berbegal-Mirabent, J.; Cañabate, A. & Lebherz, P. R. (2014): «Factors influencing popularity of branded content in Facebook fan pages». European Management Journal, 32(6): 1001–1011. DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2014.05.001
  28. Shrivastava, P. (1993): «Crisis Theory/Practice: Towards a Sustainable Future». Industrial and Environmental Crisis Quarterly, 7(1): 23-42.
  29. Smith, R. (2008): The utility of force. Penguin Books.
  30. Smolicz, P. I. (2018): Swedish Armed Forces on Social Media: A study of Livgardet oficial Facebook page and 12.e motorisade skyttebataljonen unofficial Facebook page. Stockholm University.
  31. Souza, F.; De Las Casas, D.; Flores, V.; Youn, S.; Cha, M.; Quercia, D. & Almeida V (2015): «Dawn of the selfie era: The whos, wheres, and hows of selfies on Instagram». Proceedings of the 2015 ACM on Conference on Online Social Networks, 221-231. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1510.05700
  32. Souza-Araujo, C.; Damilton-Correa L. P.; Couto Da Silva A. P.; Oliveira Prates R. & Meira, W. J. (2014): «It is not just a picture: Revealing some user practices in Instagram». Web Congress. 9th Latin American Web Congress, 19-23. DOI: 10.1109/LAWeb.2014.12
  33. Steinhauer, J. (14th September 2021). «Younger military personnel reject vaccine, in warning for commanders and the nation». New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/27/us/politics/coronavirus-vaccine-refusal-military.html
  34. Stern, N. & Ben-Shalom, U. (2021): «Confessions and Tweets: Social Media and Everyday experience in the Israel Defense Forces». Armed Forces & Society, 47(2): 343-366. DOI: 10.1177/0095327X19859304
  35. Sturges, D. L. (1994): «Communicating through crisis: A strategy for organizational survival».
  36. Management communication quarterly, 7(3), 297-316. DOI: 10.1177/0893318994007003004
  37. Tifentale, A. & Manovich, L. (2018): «Competitive Photography and the Presentation of the Self». In J. Eckel et al. (Eds): Exploring the selfie: Historical, theoretical, and analytical approaches to digital Self-Photography. Springer, pp. 167-187.
  38. Tranter, B. & Donoghue, J. (2003): «Convict Ancestry: a neglected aspect of Australian identity». Nations and Nationalism, 9(4), 555-577. DOI: 10.1111/1469-8219.00127
  39. Yu, C. E. & Sun, R. (2019): «The role of Instagram in the UNESCO’s creative city of gastronomy: A case study of Macau». Tourism Management, 75: 257-268. DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2019.05.011
  40. Yu, J. & Egger, R. (2021): «Color and engagement in touristic Instagram pictures: A machine learning approach». Annals of Tourism Research, 89: 1-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2021.103204